Apparatus for simultaneously transmitting and receiving space-telegraph signals.



No. 767,970. 'PATENIED AUG. 16, 1904.

J. S. STONE. A I APPARATUS FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING SPACE TELEGRAPH SIGNALS, A APPLIUATION FILED JAN F23, 1901. vELNEWED DEO.*22,1302.

N0 MODEL.

WITREgE y; I

UNTTan ST T S liatented August 16, 190a.

PATIENT @rrrcEQ JOHN STONE sTONE, OF BOsTON, MAssAcHUsETTs, ASSIGNOR, BY MEsNn- AssieNMENTs, To STONE TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE cOMPANY, on J IAINE. A-CORPORATION on MAINE.

APPAHATUSIOR SIMULTANEOUSLY TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING ISPACE-IEQLEGRAPHISIGNALS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 767,970, dated ug 16, 1904:.

Application filed January 23, 1901. Renewed December 22, 1902. Serial No. 136,242. (No models) I To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN STONE SToNn, a;

citizen of the United States, and'a resident of Boston, in the county of Sutfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Simultaneously Transmitting and Receiving Space- Telegraph Signals, of which the following is a specification. The present invention depends upon the fact that if in a vertical conductor or conductors lying in a plane equidistant at all-points from two other vertical conductors there be developed electrical oscillations then the os cillations thereby developed in the last-named conductors will be equal in amplitude and phase. lations upon a receiving device be opposed to one another their resultant efiect upon said receiving device will be nil. Y a

. By my invention I utilize as a transmittingeonductor a conductor or conductors lying :plane equidistant at all points from two other vertical conductors, which I utilize as receiving-conductors, and I cause the oscillations developed in the receiving-conductors to be-opposed to one another in their elfect upon a receiving or translating device asso- "ciated with them. This may be done by means of a variety of apparatus of the nature'of induction-balances, some formsof which will be hereinafterde'scribed. Careful consideration will show that the two'vertical receiving-conductors will be incapable of receiving signals from any transmitting-station ilrtheir equatorial plane, but will in general be capable of receiving signals from stations otherwise 10- catedLf In order that theymay be moslf sensitive to the signals from distant transmittingstations, thesetwo conductors should be'placed' at a distance apart of on'e-halfa wave length and in the vertical plane including the distant transmitting-station to be communicated with.

If it be desired to receive from'more'than one transmittingstation, the two receiving wires Further, if the effects of these oscilmay be mounted upon a frame capableofro-.

tation around a central vertical axis.

Figures 1, 2, and 3 show certain cm b oditory currents. in isa key. a is a spark-gap; R

and R are equal resistancesor inductances. It is to be understood that the coherer here- Bis a'bat-f:

in described is merely illustrative of'iany receiver of electromagnetic waves or other electric translating device, and 1t Tsto be further understood that I do not desire my claims to be limited to any particular receiving means, but, on the contrary, that I consider any and all means to be covered by the terms used-in the claims tov designate thedevicewhereby' the reception of electromagnetic Waves is e f: fected,

Electrical oscillationsmay be developed in the transmitting-conductor V in any'suitable manner, which need not further be considered here. When such'oscillations are developed,

corresponding oscillationsequal in amplitude and phase will be produced; inythje. receiving conductors V V and their efiect's upon the coherer K neutralize each other, owingto the fact that the latter is, in efi ect, in abranch of an induction-balance,- which branch is conju gate to the vertical transmitting conductor V. v

, The threeforms of induction-balance shown f in the several {figures are common forms, the

one shown in Fig. 1 being merely an inductance coil havingsimilar but diiferentially-' wound primaries, the one shown in F ig." 2 being merely the equivalent of substituting two equal condensers for the two bridge-arms of'a VVheatstone bridge, and Fig. 3 being,inefiect,- a Wheatstone bridge. The electrical translating device or coherer shown in'the draw- "ings'is always included in the telephone branchof the bridge orihduction-balance.

The vertical transmitting-conductor may be garded in each casegas the battery branch, d the intervening dielectric between this nductor and the two receiving-conductors V may be regarded as constituting the reaining two branches of the induction-balices. 1n the operation of the organization shown Fig. l the signal-waves emanating from the intrallylocated vertical conductor V develop )tentials in thetwo similar conductors "V 1d V" which are equal in Iamplitude, form, 1d phase; ,The two primary coils of M, irough which V and V are grounded, are ual in every respect and disposed symmetcally'with respect to the remaining or secada'ry coil of M. Equal electric oscillations retherefore developed inthe conductors V l G and V M" G; but the primary coils of ii are... sofidisposed as to oppose each other in ieir action upon the secondary of M, and 1e result upon this coil of the electric oscillaons in the two-primaries is therefore m'l. orthis reason the .coherer and its associated ignal-indicating device are not'operatedby ae signal-waves sent oilt from the vertical onductor V. The signal-waves, from a disnt transmitting station in the plane-of the ertical 'wires V V will if their wave length e twice the distance which separates V and develop in V and V" electric potentials qualin amplitude, but not in phase. The lectric oscillations in the two conductors V /I Gr and V" M G-will therefore be equal nd opposite, and their effect upon the secndary of M will be to produce electric osillations in the local-circuit containing the .oherer K, which is thereby operated and vhich consequently permits the battery B to pe'rate the signal-indicatingdevice R. Simiarly, in the operation of the organization hown in Fig. 2 the signal-waves from the con luctor V produce equal electric oscillations in be similar conductors V UGr and V C G. Che condensers C and 0 being equal, the po aential of the branch containing the coherer K is changed as a whole; but no difi'erence' of potential is'developed therein, and thh'efo're zhe coherer is not operated, and the associated signal-indicating device is not set in motion. As in the case of the-organization shown in- Fig. 1, the waves from the distant transmitterstation produce unequal electric vibrations in the conductors V O" G and V C G. This causes a difference of potential inthe coherer branch, which operates the coherer, and thereby sets in motion the signal-indicating device R. a

The operation of the organization shown in Fig. 3 is the same as that shown in Fig. 2, except that two equalresistances R"R.'are employed instead of the two equal condensers C. 0 of Fig. 2.

. 1 claim' 1. In a system of space telcgraphy, means 5 for transmitting and simultaneously or otherwise receiving signal-waves com prising means for developing electric vibrations in an elevated transmitting con'ductor or conductors situated in a plane equidistant at all points from two or more receiving elevated conductors. and means for conveying the energy of the vibrations from the receiving-conductors to an associated electrical translating device whereby the branch containing the electric translating deviceor receiver is rendered con- .jugate to the transmitting conductor or ,con ductors.

2. 1n a system for simultaneously transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signal waves, means for transmitting elcctromag netic signal-Waves, means at the transmittingstation for receiving electromagnetic signalwaves, and means for maintaining the receiving means in operative condition forthe reception of Waves ing thetransmis'sion of waves by the transmitting means.

3. In a system for simultaneously transmit: ting and receiving electromagnetic signalwaves, a generator of electromagnetic signalwaves, areceiver of electromagnetic signalwavesat the generating-station and means for rendering the receiver unresponsive to waves generated by said generator, without impairing its sensitiveness to waves which are generated by a distant generator simultanetione d generator. v

i In a system for simultaneously transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signalwaves, means for, transmitting electromagnetic signal-waves, areceiver for electromagneticsignal-waves'at the transmitting-station and means for causing the'elfects of the transmitted waves on the (receiver to be neutralized.

. 5. In'a system of space telegraphy, a receiving system responsive to electromagnetic sigrial-waves of predetermined wave length, comof electromagnetic waves, in combiation with of the same or ofa diiferent wave length, transmitted by a system situated approximately' in a plane equidistant at all points from the receiving-conductors, from effecting the response of the said receiver without, at the same time, rendering such receiver unresponsive to the waves which it is intended to receive i 6. In a'system of space telegraph y, a receiving systempomprisingtwo elevated conduc signalfvvaves vvhe'n the terminals of such responsive means are Sub ected to a difference of electrical-potential, in combination with means for maintaining an approximately zero,

from a distant station durv ously with wa'ves generated by the .iirstrmen- 1 prising two elevatedcondu'ctors and a receiver means for preventing "electromagnetic war-s1 tors andmeans responsive to electromagnetic difference of potential at said terminals when electromagnetic waves are transmitted by another system situated approximately in a plane equidistant at all points from said receivingconductors.

ceiver associated therewith and means asso' ciated with said receiving-conductors and receiver, formaintaining the receiver in'oper-' ative condition for the reception of waves from a distant station during the transmission ofwavesby the transmitting means.

8. In a system of space telegraphy, a. plurality of elevated receiving-conductors situated a distance apart equal to one-half the wave length of the waves to be received and so situated inspace that the distant transmitting-conductor and said receivingmonductors are approximately-in the same vertical plane, in combination With a receiver and means associated with said receiver and said receivingconductors for causing. vibrations developed in said receiving-conductorsby electromag--.

'netic Wavesof, predetermined wave length to be COIlJQlnECl in their efiectonthe said-receiver.

,, 9. Ina system:ofs-paee-telegraphy,.ajplu-' -rality of elevatedreceiving-conductors sepatromagnetic signal-waves"tobe received and rateda distance apartiwhich' bears ai'certain definiterelation to the Wavelength of the elec.

whose. position in spacebears a certain definite relation to the position ofthe distant source of m ,sa1dwaves, In combination with a receiver and 1 means associated with said receiver and said 7 wave length.

- receiving-conductors force-using the energies he electromagnetic waves absorbed by said ,r'e eiving-condnctors to be congoinedin their efiect on said receiver. when the said electrojagnetic-waves are of a certain predeterm ned 10.- In a system for simultaneonsly'trans.

mitting'andreceiv'ing electromagnetic signalwaves, a receiving system comprising two op-' positelykwound coils, a third. coil in inductive relation thereto, and a receiver associated with I I jiifltlC-WSNGS, a. radiating system, a recelving' system, and a receiver, so related to said syssaid third coil.

ll. In system for simultaneously transmittingand receiving electromagnetic signals- Waves, a transmitter and a receiver both at the v same station, and means for causingthe oppo;

sition' of the efi ects of: the transmittedwaves on the rec'eiverand force-using the cooperation of the efi'eets'of the-received waves on said re: ceiv-er. Q Y

12.. In a system of space telegraphy,n1eans for transmitting electromagnetic signalwaves' and simultaneously or ,othervviseireceiving other electromagnetic signal-waves without mutual interference, said means comprising,

magnetic signal-waves, means at said station for receiving electromagnetic signal-waves and other means so related to the transmitting means and to the receiving means that mutual interference between the transmitting means and the receiving means is prevented when electromagnetic signal-waves are being transmitted by the said transmitting means at the same time that waves are being received from a distant station byIthe said receiving means.

13. Ina system of signaling by eiectromagneticwaves, a-receiver responsive to electromagnetic waves received at a station while at the same time unresponsive to effects produced by the generation of electromagnetic signalwaves at the station.

M. In a system of signaling by electromagnetic waves,a receiver more sensitve to electromagnetic waves received at the station than to "effects produced by the generation of e'lectr'oa ma gnetic waves at the station at the same time.

15. In a system of signaling by electromag- 'netic waves, the combination at a station of a receiver for electromagnetic waves and means for generating electromagnetic wavessald elements being adapted to perform their functions simultaneously without interference one s ductors and a. receiver for electroma netic" waves in operative relation to said conductors,

said conductorslbeing adapted to oppose the effects on the receiver produced bythe generation of electromagnetic 'Waves at the station and to conjoin the effects on the receiver-produced by electromagnetic waves received at a the station. 0.

-17. In asystem of signaling by electromag netic waves in operative relation to said con ductors, sai d conductors being adapted to oppose: the effectson the receiver produced by transmitting electrical impulses while permits ting waves received froma distan'tstation to afiect the. receiver.. j

- 1.8.. In a systemofsignaling by electromag time uriresp'onsive'to efiects produced by the generation of electromagnetic waves at'the ta i n- 19". Ina-systemofsignaling by electromag- 1 netic waves, a radiating system a receiving systern, and a receiversoirelated to said systems as g to. bemore sensitive to", electromagnetic waves received'at the stationthan to effectsp'roduced the station at the same time;

f by the generation of electromagnetic waves at 20. Ina system of signaling by electromag-vnetic waves, the combinationat a station of a system for receiving electromagnetic waves and a'system for generating electromagnetic waves, said elements being so related as to perform their functions simultaneously without interference one with the other.

21. In a system of signaling by electromagnetic waves, the combination at a station of a generator of electromagnetic'waves, two conductors, and a receiver for electromagnetic waves in operative relation to said conductors, said conductors being so related as to oppose the effects on the receiver produced bythe generation of electromagnetic waves at the station and to eonjoin the effects onthe receiver produced by electromagnetic waves re-" ceived at the station.

22. In a system of signaling by electromagnetic waves, the combination at a station of two conductors and a receiver for electromagand a receiver more sensitive to electromag-' netic waves received at the station thanto effects produced by the generation of electro- V magnetic Waves at the station at the same time.

netic wavesfradiating and receiving systems at a station and a receiver so connected to said receiving system as to be unresponsive to effects produced by the generation of. electromagnetic waves at the same'station but responsive to electromagnetic waves receivedat the station.

Ina system of signaling by electromagnetic waves, radiating and receiving systems at a station and a receiver so related to said systems as to; be responsive to electromag-' netic waves received at the station while at the same time unresponsive to eflects pro duced by the generation of electromagnetic waves at the station.

27. In a system of signaling netic Waves, the comb nation at a station of a system for receivingelectromagnetic waves and a system for transmitting electromagnetic waves, said elements being so related as to: pertorm their functions simultaneously with out interference.

28. Ina system for simultaneously trans.-;- mitting and receiving electromagnetic signal waves, a transmitting system in combination by eIectromag with a receiving system, said receiving system comprising a transformer having two primary, windings, and a circuit containing a receiver inductively associated with said primary windings, said winclingsbeing so related and so proportioned that the transmitting and receiving systems are enabled to perform their functions simultaneously and without mutual interference.

29. In a system for simultaneously transe mitting and receiving electromagnetic signal- Waves, a receiving system comprising a differential coil, a secondary winding inductively associated with said differential coil and a receiveroperatively connected with said secondary winding. h 30. In asystem of signaling by electromagnetic waves, radiating and receiving systems at a station and a receiver so related to said receiving system as to be unresponsive to effects produced by the generation of electromagnetic waves at the same station but responsive to ,electromagnetic waves received at the station. 31. In a 'system of signaling by electromag .netic waves,radiating and receiving systems at eeiving system as to be more responsive to electromagnetiewaves received at the station than to efiects produced by the generation of electromagnetic waves at. the station at the sametime.

32. In a system of signaling by electromagnetic waves,an alternating orvibratorycurrent generator, atran sformer, electrical connections from said generator to the primary winding of said transformer, electrical connections from the secondary winding'of said transformer to a circuit containing a condenser or a plurality of condensers and the primary winding of a second transformer, a conductor containing a spark-gap connected across the terminals of the secondary winding of said first-mentioned transformer and an elevated conductor serially connected to the secondary winding of said second transformer.

I 33. In a system of signaling byelectromagnetic'waves, an alternating-current generator, a transformer, electrical connections from said generator to the primary winding of said trans connections, electrical connections from the secondary win'ding of said transformer to acircuit containing a condenser or a plurality of condensers and the primary winding of; a second transformer, a conductor containing a sparkgap connected across the terminals of ;;.the secondary winding oflsaid first mention'ed f transformerand an elevated conductor serially a station and a receiver so connected to said reformer, a signaling device in said electrical plurality oi emid'ensers'connected to the secoin lary winding ol' said transformer, a conductor containing a. smirk-gap connected across the terminals of said secondary winding and an elevated conductor operatively connected with the aforesaid circuit so thatthe discharge of the condenser or the plurality of condensers therein across the said spark-gap will create electrical oscillations in the elevated conductor. I

35. In a system of signaling by electromagnetic waves, an alternating-current generator, a transformer, electrical connections from said generatm' to the primary winding of said transl'ormer, a signaling de vice in said electrical connections. a circuit containing a condenser or a plurality of condensers connected to the secondary winding of said transformer, a conductor containing :1 sp irk-gap connected across the terminals of said secondary winding and an elevated conductor operatively connected with the aforesaid circuit so that the discharge ol the eoi'idensw or the plurality of condensers therein across the said spark-gap will create electrical oscillations in the elevated conductors.

56. In a system of signaling by electromagnetic waves. radiating and receiving systems .at a station and a receiver so related to" said receiving system as to bemore, responsive to electron'iagnetic waves received at the station than to effects produced by the generation of eleetrmnagnetic waves at the station at the same time.

37. in a system for simultaneously transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signalwaves, a receiving system comprising a plurality of primary windings, a secondary winding associated with said primary windings and a receive r operatively connected with said secondary \vindin In a system of space telegrapliy, a receiving systemcomprising two elevated re-' ceiving-conductors and a receiver or wave-detector responsive to electromagnetic signalwaves when its terminals are subjected to a difference of electrical potential, in combination with means for maintaining an approximately zero ditference of potential at said terminals when electromagnetic signal-waves are transmitted by another system.

39. in a system of space telegrz ihy, two elevated receiving-conductors situaded a distance apart equal to a half-wave length or a multiple of a half-wave length of the electrowave-d etector associated with said conductors, and means associated with said conductors and sald recelver or wave-detector for causing the energy of the electrical vibrations developed in said receiving-conductors by electromagnetic s1gnal-waves0f a definite predetermmed wave inagnetic waves to be receivedJa receiver or length to combine to elfect the response of said receiver or wave-detector.

40. In a space-telegraph receiving system, a

signal-indicating device, and a plurality of ele-- vated receivingconductors associated therewith, in combination with means adapted to combine the energies of the electrical oscillations developed by electromagnetic waves in said elevated conductors for producing intelligible signals in said signal-indicating device.

41. In a space-telegraph receiving system, two elevated receiving-conductors, a receiver or wave-detector associated therewith, and means associated with said conductors adapted to oppose the effects, on said receiver or wave-detector, of electromagnetic waves or' a receiver for electromagnetic Waves and a plurality of elevated conductors, associated with said receiver and adapted to oppose the effects, on the receiver, of electromagnetic waves or other ether disturbances the energy of which is not intended to afl'ect said receiver.

JOHN STONE STONE.-

In presence of ALEX. P. BROWNE, ELLEN B. TOMLINSON. 

